Provinces in 1871
The 1871 Census of Canada covered the four established provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario and Quebec, which had been united as the Dominion of Canada in 1867. Manitoba and Rupert’s Land (later the North West Territories), added to Canada in 1870, had been enumerated in a very basic census in that year. British Columbia and Prince Edward Island held their own independent censuses in 1871. British Columbia joined Canada towards the end of 1871, and Prince Edward Island entered in 1873.